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Fuels from Biomass.
Poskočil, Milan ; Píštěk, Václav (referee) ; Rauscher, Jaroslav (advisor)
Bachelor´s thesis deals with the study of the status quo use of fuels derived from biomass for automotive engines and their prospects. The goal of this work is processing the inventory of motor fuels derived from biomass, their utilization and illustrate the developments in this field. The work is focused mainly on the situation and developments in the Czech Republic.
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Fuel for internal combustion engines
Vrbický, Jiří ; Jedelský, Jan (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with basic features of fuels for internal consumption engines, especially their influence on thermal efficiency. It also introduces dividing of fuels and their compare in ecologic, economic and technologic side. It is concerned convectional fuels (gasoline, diesel oil) and alternative fuels (nature gas, bottled gas, hydrogen, biodiesel, biogas, methanol and ethanol).
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Critical Sector Analysis of the Fuel Market
Jaroš, Martin ; Strašil, Pavel (referee) ; Škapa, Stanislav (advisor)
In my bachelor‘s thesis I have analysed the diesel fuel market in the Czech Republic from the point of view of the petrol stations offers as well the consumers demand. It concerns oligopoly market form, where the front positions are taken by foreign brands. I have determined the structure type by the data referring to the market power of particular petrol station networks and also thanks to the price research itself. Consumers behave quite often very illogically in this market due to the lack of available information. These conclusions I have obtained by the market research I did on active drivers. A modern solution is a new web portal establishment based on cooperation with petrol stations, which would provide information about the fuel market to the drivers.
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Measurement of dielectric properties of liquid fuels for automotive power units
Redr, Martin ; Čech, Ondřej (referee) ; Chladil, Ladislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis dealt with measuring of dielectric properties of propellants. The aim of the thesis was to find out differences between dielectric quantities of propellants from various manufacturers and in different proportions of refined to so-called bio-components. The theoretical physical principles of dielectric substances – permittivity and dissipation factor were described. In the thesis the most famous electrical insulation fluids whose dielectric characteristics are similar as propellants were mentioned. Furthermore, the study about dielectric properties of propellants and chosen fuels on the Czech market were mentioned. In the experimental part of the thesis, selected fuel samples at varying frequency and temperature were measured. These results were then evaluated and compared.
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Determination of emissions and harmful particles of exhaust gases of CNG, petrol and diesel vehicles
Rozsíval, Adam ; Libich, Jiří (referee) ; Bača, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with an analyses of emission and harmful particles of exhaust fumes of automobiles with an environmental impact. More precisely, it describes the basic characteristics of current fuel types and emission produced by internal combustion engines. Next, it deals with the measures and possibilities of decreasing car traffic emission with respect to environmental impact. It also describes the current European standards for emission and the systems of the cars that are able to decrease emission. The work also deals with the measuring of emission and the methods that are used. According to the measuring methods, the analysis of exhalation is done and it is based on the data of the real car fleet. Values of the emission analyses are compared. The financial aspect is a part of the analyses.
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Determination of CO2 exhaust emissions for CNG, petrol and diesel vehicles
Chytil, Ivo ; Libich, Jiří (referee) ; Bača, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with the topic of Carbon dioxide emissions that are created by Petrol, Diesel and CNG vehicles. In the first part of the thesis, the results of theoretical calculations are compared with the values of the manufacturer of the specific vehicle. In the second part, a specific method has been selected for calculations with real data from transport. The savings of CO2 produced by the specific vehicle are expressed in percentage – depending on the fuel used. The operating expenses from the real data are calculated and compared with hybrid and electric vehicles. In the final part of the thesis, the ratio of fleet type vehicles to the financial/ecological aspect was proposed.
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Microcalorimetric study of bacterial degradation of oil and its products
Bola, Tomáš ; Benešová, Pavla (referee) ; Krouská, Jitka (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with a study of the oil degradation as one of the possible products of petroleum using bacterial stems Pseudomonas Putida a Pseudomonas Chlororaphis. The work is motivated by the research of usability of a method which has not been used for those purposes so far – calorimetric analysis. Using IČ spektrometry (ATR), calorimetry and UV-VIS spectrometry was studied a degree and a character of interactions. Calorimetric analysis showed that the Pseudomonas Putida has bigger abbility of the degradability than Pseudomonas Chlororaphis. There was also detected that the optimal concentration for more effective degradation of oil fuel is 5 g/l and 20 g/l. By measurement of the absorbance deppending on time was verified that the bigger is the concentration of the sample, the higher is the resulted absorbance. Using UV-VIS analysis was determined a quantity of biomass. Using IČ spectometry in the ATR mode (reduced reflectance) was detected structure of the sample and also verified that the bacterial cultures Pseudomonas Putida and Chlororaphis degradated entire amount of petroleum.
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CI-engines for Army Purposes
Šebesta, Radek ; Svída, David (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with utilization of compression-ignition engine in army purposes, especially in army vehicles . It aims to motors of military and special vehicles as are armoured vehicles or tanks and gives view of features about motors and exigencies which must fullfils usage in specific conditions. Thesis describes problematics of operating and maintanance CI - engines and negative effects which appear in battle contidionts. It gives notice about curing methods each parts of engine and about systems which supports engine working and classifies exemplifications of differences distinct from ordinary motors, common uses in civil cars. Creates view on problematics of positioning and constructional solution of motor space inside vehicle. It brings basic informations about oil fuels used in army and its requierements. Objective of this thesis is disclosure of information about specific features and standards of motors intended for army purposes.
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Alternative Fuels for CI-engines
Matoušek, Martin ; Řehák, Kamil (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is alternative fuels applicable in diesel engines. First, a brief introduction to the diesel engine is given, then the individual alternative fuels are described. The most important findings about these fuels are summarized and a comparison with diesel fuel is made. Finally, each fuel is evaluated in terms of its advantages, disadvantages and applicability in practice.
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Repealing NAFTA: The impact on international trade with focus on Mexico
Kolář, Daniel ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Cazachevici, Alina (referee)
The North American Free Trade Agreement came into force in 1994 after long and emotive discussions. When Donald Trump became the US president in 2016, its future became uncertain, which motivates this paper to attempt to quantify the impact of its repeal. To do that, it uses a standard GTAP general equilibrium model and models an increase of intra-NAFTA tariffs to the derived MFN rates. It finds that NAFTA repeal would notably reduce intra-NAFTA trade and have a modest but negative impact on countries' welfare. NAFTA repeal is estimated to decrease Canadian GDP by 0.48%, US GDP by 0.39% and Mexican GDP by 0.06%. It would severely damage US-Mexico value chains and increase income inequality in Mexico by hurting unskilled workers more. Additional simulations are performed to control for variation in sectoral MFN rates and to observe the sensitivity of results to the choice of closure. The only positive of NAFTA repeal is that it might mitigate regional economic disparities in Mexico by damaging sectors concentrating their production near the US-Mexico border. 1
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